Mastroluisi,+L

__Brainstorming__

 * pregnancy vs. poverty
 * Teen pregnancy vs. drug/involvement
 * Alcohol/drug involvement vs. student drop out rate
 * Wealth vs. student drop out rate
 * Student drop out rate vs. poverty
 * Teen pregnancy vs. student drop out rate

throughout Canada?

 * (between late 70’s and 2005)

I chose this topic because it seems that recently there has been a lot of media attention to famous teen stars who are becoming pregnant. There are even television shows dedicated to teenage pregnancies. I wanted to see if there was a correlation between teen pregnancy and student drop outs.
 * __Background__**



__**Hypothesis**__ The more teenage pregnancies there are, the higher the student dropout rate will be. I believe this is the case because now a days it is extremely difficult to deal with school, but to add a new member to your family that you have to raise would make it nearly impossible. Certain teens may have parents that might choose to support their children’s children and watch them while they are at school, but this is rare . __**Variables**__

Independent variable: Teen pregnancy (x) Dependant variable: Student drop out rate (y)

Canadian Student Dropout Rates: **__http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/81-004-x/2005004/8984-eng.htm__** Canadian Student Pregnancy Rates: **__http://www.statcan.gc.ca/kits-trousses/preg-gross/preg-gross-eng.htm__**
 * __Raw Data__**

__**The data below show the dropout numbers in thousands and the drop out rate in Canada between the years of 1990-1991 and 2004-2005**__


 * ~ Year ||
 * ^  ||~ Thousands ||~ Drop-out rate (%) ||
 * 1990-1991 || 337.8 || 16.7 ||
 * 1991-1992 || 320.3 || 15.9 ||
 * 1992-1993 || 289.8 || 14.5 ||
 * 1993-1994 || 279.2 || 14.1 ||
 * 1994-1995 || 265.0 || 13.5 ||
 * 1995-1996 || 245.9 || 12.6 ||
 * 1996-1997 || 237.7 || 12.1 ||
 * 1997-1998 || 242.4 || 12.3 ||
 * 1998-1999 || 223.3 || 11.3 ||
 * 1999-2000 || 230.0 || 11.5 ||
 * 2000-2001 || 225.6 || 11.1 ||
 * 2001-2002 || 223.9 || 10.8 ||
 * 2002-2003 || 228.4 || 10.8 ||
 * 2003-2004 || 207.7 || 9.7 ||
 * 2004-2005 || 212.3 || 9.8 ||

**The chart below shows the year vs. Live Births, Fetal Loss and Abortion rates, 1974 to 1997** As the table above shows, more teens in recent years are having abortions. The number most likely has drastically increased in 2010. The amount of live births, went down as teenagers are starting to learn that they have other options, ie. abortions. Lastly, the amount of fetal loss has slowly gone down due to new medical findings and medicines.
 * **Year** || **Live Birth** || **Fetal Loss** || **Abortion** ||
 * 1974 || 65% || 9% || 25% ||
 * 1978 || 58% || 8% || 34% ||
 * 1982 || 57% || 7% || 38% ||
 * 1986 || 55% || 8% || 39% ||
 * 1990 || 52% || 5% || 41% ||
 * 1994 || 50% || 4% || 45% ||
 * 1997 || 48% || 2% || 50% ||

Rate || As the table above shows as the years go on, there is a decrease in both the amount of live births and the amount of student drop out rates. *planning on getting more data to show the correlation between drop out rates and teenage live birth. I will eventually make a bigger chart and a graph showing the correlation between the two variable. The chart above is just a preview to show the correlation between the two.
 * __Teenage Live Births vs. Student Dropout Rates__**
 * Year || Live Birth || Drop Out
 * 1990 || 52% || 16.7% ||
 * 1994 || 50% || 13.5% ||
 * 1997 || 48% || 12.3% ||

Considering all of my data was from Stats Canada, there would be no bias to my data. A sampling bias may be present as teen pregnancy isn’t typical of Canadian lifestyle. Teen pregnancy is becomes more present in third world countries as they cannot afford different types of protection and birth control.
 * Bias**

**Teenage pregnancy rates, by age of women at end of pregnancy, women aged 15 to 19, Canada and United States, 1974 to 1997**



*Data is used from second table *

Teen pregnancy one variable graph

Student dropout one variable graph


 * Calculations:** *all pieces of data are in thousands *




 * Mean** Of Teen Pregnancy in Canada from 1995-2005 ages 15-19

=686/11 =62.36

=2542.2/11 =231.11
 * Mean** of student dropouts from 1995-2005


 * Median ** of teenage pregnancy in Canada from 1995-2005: 57.1
 * Median ** of Canadian student dropouts from 1995-2005: 228.4


 * Mode: ** There is no mode for either sets of data, as no numbers are repeated

76.1-49.0 =27.1 265-207.7 =57.3
 * Range** of teen pregnancy in Canada from 1995-2005
 * Range** of Canadian dropouts from 1995-2005


 * Standard Deviation** of teen pregnancy in Canada from 1995-2005


 * > Deviation(x-u) || Deviation Squared (x-u^2) ||
 * -13.36 || 178.49 ||
 * -12.6 || 147.86 ||
 * -8.26 || 62.23 ||
 * -5.26 || 27.67 ||
 * -2.56 || 6.55 ||
 * .14 || .02 ||
 * 3.54 || 12.53 ||
 * 6.14 || 37.70 ||
 * 6.94 || 48.16 ||
 * 11.14 || 124.1 ||
 * 13.74 || 188.79 ||

=√840/11-1 =9.165


 * Standard Deviation** of Canadian student dropouts from 1995-2005


 * Deviation (x-u) || Deviation Squared (x-u^2) ||
 * -23.4 || 547.56 ||
 * -18.8 || 353.44 ||
 * -7.8 || 60.84 ||
 * -7.2 || 51.84 ||
 * -5.5 || 30.24 ||
 * -2.7 || 7.29 ||
 * -1.1 || 1.21 ||
 * 6.6 || 43.56 ||
 * 11.3 || 127.69 ||
 * 14.8 || 219.04 ||
 * 33.9 || 1149.21 ||



√2675.05/11-1 =16.36

**Correlation Coefficient**

prior calculations...

=0.9507

Strong positive correlation

__**Two Variable Data Graphs and Calculations**__


Based on all the data complied, it is clear that there is a correlation between teen pregnancy and student dropout rates. More specifically, there is a strong positive correlation between the two variables. As the teen pregnancies increase so do the student dropout rates, proving my hypothesis correct. The reason is different with every case, but most likely teenagers who are pregnant are dropping out of school because it is too much to juggle both a baby and grades. The reason that the teen pregnancy is most likely increasing is because of the medias take on the situation. The media is in a way glamourizing teen pregnancy with all the media attention and tv shows, making more teenagers be less “safe” or even want babies.
 * __Conclusion__**


 * __Bibliography__**

Work cited __Bowlby, Geoff. Provincial Drop-out Rates. Statistics Canada, 1 Dec. 2008. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. [].__

__Dryburgh, Heather. Teenage Pregnancies. Statistic Canada, 5 June 2007. Web. 16 Nov. 2010. .__

McKay, A. (2006). Trends in teen pregnancy in Canada with comparisons to U.S.A. and England/Wales. The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 15, 157-161. http://www.sieccan.org/pdf/mckay_cjhs2006_trends%20in%20teen%20pregnancy.pdf

Images

http://www.mtv.com/shows/16_and_pregnant/season_1/series.jhtml

http://teenmom.maxupdates.tv/

http://karlaporter.com/workforce/focus-on-retention-not-dropout-reengagement/

http://purposebeyondpain.wordpress.com/2009/12/30/clinical-risk-factors-may-predict-depression-during-pregnancy/

http://randgbookkeeping.com/.cache/